What are plaque indices used for in oral hygiene and plaque control assessment?
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Plaque indices are tools used to evaluate the amount and distribution of dental plaque in the mouth, helping in assessing oral hygiene and plaque control.
2
What is the purpose of assessing a patient's oral hygiene routine?
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The purpose is to provide feedback and preventative education to improve the patient's oral hygiene practices and overall oral health.
3
What is the tell-show-do method in the context of oral hygiene instruction?
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The tell-show-do method involves first explaining the procedure, then demonstrating it, and finally having the patient perform the task themselves, which is used to optimize patient oral health outcomes.
4
What is a plaque index?
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A numerical score used to assess the amount of dental plaque present in the mouth.
5
What is disclosing?
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The process of staining dental plaque with a disclosing solution to make it visible for assessment.
6
What is the significance of dental plaque biofilm?
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It plays a major role in the initiation and progression of dental caries, periodontitis, gingivitis, calculus formation, esthetic appearance, and halitosis.
7
List the conditions influenced by dental plaque biofilm.
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Dental caries, periodontitis, gingivitis, calculus formation, esthetic appearance, and halitosis.
8
What is a plaque index?
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A quantitative measure of oral hygiene status of an individual or group over time.
9
What is the purpose of a plaque index for populations?
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To survey oral hygiene status of a population and used for epidemiologic research.
10
What are the benefits of using a plaque index for patients?
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To establish a baseline, evaluate self-care progress, and provide motivation.
11
What is the Plaque Index and how does it assist in dental care?
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The Plaque Index is a motivational tool that illustrates repeated neglect of a specific area, helping the patient to make necessary alterations to their self-care regimen.
12
What does the Plaque Index serve as?
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The Plaque Index serves as a motivational tool.
13
What is the O'Leary Plaque Control Record?
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A method for assessing plaque control in dental patients.
14
What are the components of the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) Green and Vermillion?
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It includes the assessment of plaque and calculus.
15
What is the O'Leary Plaque Control Record?
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A tool used to assess plaque on all teeth in the mouth, serving as a powerful motivator for dental hygiene.
16
How is the O'Leary Plaque Control Record similar to the plaque index in Axium?
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It assesses plaque on all teeth in the mouth, similar to the plaque index in Axium.
17
What does 'Plaque' refer to in dental charting?
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A biofilm of bacteria that forms on teeth and gums.
18
What is the significance of 'P Depth' in dental charting?
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It measures the depth of the periodontal pocket.
19
What does 'GM CEJ' stand for in dental charting?
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Gingival Margin to Cementoenamel Junction.
20
What does the Silness & Loe Plaque Index (PI) assess?
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The thickness of the plaque
21
What is the abbreviation for the Silness & Loe Plaque Index?
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PI
22
What are the three grades of the Silness & Loe Plaque Index?
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0, 1, 2, 3
23
What does the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index measure?
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Presence of debris and calculus on select teeth
24
How is the score for each sextant of the mouth obtained?
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By measuring the presence of debris and calculus on select teeth
25
What is the final step to calculate the average score?
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Total all scores and divide by 6
26
What is the purpose of a disclosing agent in dental hygiene?
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Aids in visual identification of soft debris and stain, identifying where patient needs improved oral hygiene.
27
What are the two forms in which a disclosing agent is available?
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Solution or tablet form.
28
What does a disclosing agent reveal about plaque and calculus?
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Plaque dyes red and calculus dyes blue.
29
What is the definition of no plaque?
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No stain present
30
What is the definition of light plaque?
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Stain only along the gingival margin
31
What is the definition of moderate plaque?
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Stain on 1/3 to 2/3 of the tooth
32
What is the definition of heavy plaque?
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Stain on more than 2/3 of the tooth
33
What is the purpose of motivational interviewing in oral hygiene instruction?
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To engage patients in a collaborative dialogue to explore and resolve ambivalence about changing their oral hygiene behaviors.
34
What is the date of the presentation?
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12/5/2022
35
What should be done after disclosing and charting plaque in Axium?
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Sit the patient in an upright position and give them the hand mirror.
36
What is the next step after giving the hand mirror to the patient?
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Describe and show areas with debris, using a mouth mirror for the lingual and posterior areas.
37
What should be provided after describing and showing areas with debris?
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Provide feedback and give oral hygiene instruction.
38
What does Med/Dent/SocHx stand for?
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Medical/Dental/Social History
39
What are the key considerations in OHI (Oral Health Interview) according to the slide?
What must be used in an OHI according to the slide?
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Motivational interviewing
41
What is the role of plaque in inducing inflammation in the gingiva?
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Plaque induces inflammation in the gingiva by providing a surface for bacterial colonization, which leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other mediators.
42
How does plaque contribute to the development of dental caries?
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Plaque contributes to the development of dental caries by providing a protective environment for acid-producing bacteria, which can demineralize tooth enamel and cause cavities.
43
What are the steps required to disturb bacterial colonies and remove plaque and debris?
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Mechanical brushing and flossing are required to disturb bacterial colonies, removing plaque and debris by physically removing the biofilm and debris from the tooth surfaces.
44
What are the three main methods of home dental care mentioned in the slide?
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Manual toothbrush, electric toothbrush, flossing
45
What is the recommended frequency for brushing and flossing according to the slide?
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Frequency is not specified in the slide, but it implies regular brushing and flossing
46
What is the 'Tell-Show-Do' method in dental education?
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The 'Tell-Show-Do' method involves first explaining the technique, then demonstrating it, and finally having the patient practice and demonstrate the technique.
47
What does the 'Tell' step in the 'Tell-Show-Do' method entail?
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The 'Tell' step involves providing feedback on the patient's brushing or flossing technique.
48
What is Motivational Interviewing (MI)?
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A collaborative, patient-centered approach to evoke intrinsic motivation for positive behavioral change.
49
What are the four main principles of MI?
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Empathy, discrepancy, roll with resistance, and support self-efficacy.
50
During which stage of MI is it especially powerful?
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The precontemplation stage.
51
What is the definition of an open-ended question in motivational interviewing?
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Questions that cannot be answered with a yes or no statement
52
What is the purpose of reflective listening in motivational interviewing?
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A form of listening that displays an understanding of the patient's perceptions, ambivalence, and efforts
53
What is the first rule of Motivational Interviewing?
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Resist the righting reflex
54
What does the second rule of Motivational Interviewing entail?
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Understand the patient’s motivations
55
What is the third rule of Motivational Interviewing?
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Listen with empathy
56
What is the fourth and final rule of Motivational Interviewing?
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Empower the patient
57
What is the Elicit-Provide-Elicit (EPE) model?
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A communication model used in healthcare settings to facilitate patient-centered care by first eliciting the patient's knowledge, concerns, and preferences, then providing relevant information, and finally eliciting further feedback.
58
What are the three stages of the Elicit-Provide-Elicit model?
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Elicit, Provide, Elicit.
59
What are some examples of questions used in the Elicit stage?
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What do you know about ...? How does ... fit in your day? What have you heard about ...?
60
What are the key guidelines for toothbrushing?
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Use a soft-bristled toothbrush, brush for at least 2 minutes, and use fluoride toothpaste.
61
What is the recommended frequency for flossing?
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Floss at least once a day.
62
What is the purpose of toothbrushing?
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To remove plaque biofilm, food debris, stain, and stimulate gingival tissues.
63
What does plaque biofilm reformation refer to in the context of toothbrushing?
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The regrowth of bacteria on the teeth after brushing.
64
What ingredients are typically found in dentifrice used for toothbrushing?
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Ingredients to address caries, gingival disease, or sensitivity.
65
What is the reason for brushing twice a day?
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To achieve 100% effectiveness in one session and prevent plaque from recolonizing.
66
How often does plaque recolonize?
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Every 24 hours.
67
Why is it important to brush before bedtime?
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Because bacteria thrive in dark, warm, moist climates of the oral environment.
68
What type of bristles are recommended for brushing teeth?
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Soft/Nylon bristles
69
What are the key factors to consider when brushing teeth?
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Light, comfortable grasp, effective positioning, light pressure, adapting to all surfaces
70
What is the Bass Method also known as?
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Sulcular brushing
71
At what angle should the brush be directed to the gingival margin during the Bass Method?
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45-degree angle
72
What should be the direction of the bristles during the Bass Method?
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Into the gingival sulcus
73
What is the recommended method of tooth brushing?
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Aggressive horizontal scrubbing is not recommended.
74
What are the consequences of aggressive horizontal scrubbing?
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There is a high risk of damaging teeth and tissues.
75
For which purpose is aggressive horizontal scrubbing okay?
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It is only okay for cleaning the tongue.
76
What is the C-shape technique in flossing?
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A gentle curve around the tooth in a C shape
77
How should floss be moved beneath the gingiva?
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Gently
78
What pressure should be applied while flossing?
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Up and down pressure
79
What is a disclosing solution?
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A disclosing solution is a chemical used to stain dental plaque, making it visible for examination.
80
What are the two types of syringes mentioned in the slide?
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The two types of syringes mentioned are Air-water syringes.
81
What is the purpose of a patient hand mirror in dental procedures?
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The patient hand mirror is used to allow the patient to see their own mouth during dental procedures.
82
What is the purpose of the Huddle in the clinic sequence of activities?
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Review materials and procedures, motivational interviewing, and oral hygiene instruction.
83
What must be completed before the patient is seated in the clinic sequence of activities?
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Hand hygiene, PPE, and operatory setup – Faculty Operatory Check.
84
What are the two codes that must be obtained before the start check in the clinic sequence of activities?
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SD130 and S1330.
85
What must faculty be present for to provide feedback for all the steps?
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ALL the Following Steps
86
What are the codes SD130 and S1330 approved by faculty?
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COMPLETE or IN PROGRESS
87
What is the first step in perio charting as shown in the slide?
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Select the patient and click on 'Perio Chart' in the left-hand panel.
88
What icon should be clicked to start the perio charting process?
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Click the '+' icon in the top panel.
89
How many surfaces per tooth are we charting plaque?
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6 surfaces
90
What surfaces are we charting plaque?
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Buccal, Lingual, Occlusal, Mesial, Distal, and Palatal
91
What should be documented before charting plaque?
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Document which teeth are missing in the patient's mouth.
92
What should be clicked first when opening the Perio Chart?
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Click on the first box to the right of the "Plaque" row in the top half of the chart.
93
What should be pressed if no plaque is present?
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Press "N".
94
What is the starting point for perio charting in Axium?
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The starting point is the upper right quadrant, distobuccal aspect of the first existing tooth.
95
What is the sequence of charting in Axium for the upper arch?
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The sequence is distolingual to straight lingual to mesiolingual.
96
What is the next step after completing the upper arch in Axium?
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The next step is to move to the lower right quadrant, starting at the distobuccal line angle of the existing tooth.
97
What is the Plaque Index?
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A measure of the location and severity of plaque.
98
What does OHI stand for?
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Oral Hygiene Instructions.
99
What is Motivational Interviewing?
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A counseling method that helps individuals strengthen their own motivation and commitment to change.
100
What is the role of a dentist in patient behavior change using Motivational Interviewing?
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The dentist facilitates a conversation that encourages patients to explore and resolve ambivalence about changing their behavior.
101
What is the name of the institution shown in the slide?
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California Northstate University College of Dental Medicine