Central Nervous System components

Peripheral nervous system components

What are the protective barriers to the CNS?

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

What are the two main components of the central nervous system?

What is the spinal cord and where does it extend?

What is the cauda equina and what does it consist of?

What is the function of the white matter in the spinal cord?

What is the central canal in the spinal cord?

What is the function of the anterior horn in the spinal cord?

What is the function of the posterior horn in the spinal cord?

What type of neurons are located in the lateral horn of the spinal cord?

What are the ascending spinal tracts and what do they transmit?

What are the descending spinal tracts and what do they control?

What are the two types of reflex responses mentioned in the slide?

Which regions of the spinal cord are responsible for maintaining diaphragm and upper body motions, trunk movements, and lower limb movements respectively?

What is a reflex arc?

What are the components of a reflex arc?

What are the functions of the cervical region of the spinal cord?

What are the consequences of a transection at C1-C3 in the cervical region?

What is the difference in outcomes between a transection at C4-C5 and C6-C8 in the cervical region?

What are the protective layers of the central nervous system?

What is the function of the meninges?

What are the three layers of the meninges?

What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid?

What is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

How much CSF circulates within the subarachnoid space and ventricles?

What is the function of arachnoid villi?

What are the main components of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

How is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampled?

What are the functions of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

What is the choroid plexus?

What is the main function of the choroid plexus?

How much CSF is produced per day by the choroid plexus?

What is the dura mater and what are its layers?

What is the subdural space and what does it contain?

What is the arachnoid mater?

What is the subarachnoid space?

What is the function of the arachnoid villi?

What is the pia mater?

What are the leptomeninges?

What is meningitis?

What is the blood brain barrier?

What are the components of the blood brain barrier?

What is the blood brain barrier and what are its functions?

What are the key factors that determine the permeability of the blood brain barrier?

What is Meningitis?

What are Cerebrovascular Diseases?

What is a Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) or Stroke?

What is meningitis?

What are the types of meningitis?

What are the most common causes of bacterial meningitis?

What are the risk factors for bacterial meningitis?

What does VP shunt stand for in the context of bacterial meningitis risk factors?

What are the two main pathways for pathogens to reach the leptomeninges?

What is the direct pathway for pathogens to reach the leptomeninges?

What is the hematogenous pathway for pathogens to reach the leptomeninges?

What is CSF and what does it do?

What are the steps involved in a lumbar puncture?

What are the key components checked during a lumbar puncture?

What are the classic symptoms of the condition mentioned?

What are some complications that can arise from the condition?

What are the protective vaccines mentioned for bacterial meningitis?

What is the treatment for bacterial meningitis?

What is the fourth leading cause of death and major cause of disability?

How many people in the US have a stroke every year?

What is the risk of having a stroke according to the slide?

What are the two main types of stroke?

What are the four subtypes of ischemic stroke?

List the risk factors for stroke mentioned in the slide.

What are the risk factors for cardiovascular conditions?

What is hyperlipidemia?

What is a thrombotic stroke?

What are the symptoms of a thrombotic stroke?

What is an embolic stroke?

What are the symptoms of an embolic stroke?

What is systemic hypoperfusion?

What causes systemic hypoperfusion?

What is the term for difficulty in speaking clearly?

What is the term for loss of the ability to understand or express language?

What is the term for numbness on one side of the body?

What are the two phases of stroke management?

What are the four steps of the F.A.S.T. acronym for recognizing stroke symptoms?

What is the impact of a stroke?

What is a hemorrhagic stroke?

What is subarachnoid hemorrhage?

What are the symptoms of subarachnoid hemorrhage?

What is intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)?

What are the risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage?

What are the symptoms of intracerebral hemorrhage?

What is the definition of Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)?

What are the symptoms of TIA?

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

What are the components of the central nervous system?

What are the three divisions of the peripheral nervous system?

What is the function of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

What are ganglia in the context of the PNS?

What are the 12 pairs of cranial nerves?

How are cranial nerves functionally divided?

What are the two types of spinal nerve roots and what do they carry?

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there and what are they called?

What is the primary motor area of the brain?

Where is the primary motor area located in the brain?

What is the primary motor cortex and where is it located?

How does the size of the various parts in the Motor Homunculus relate to the cortical area?

Why do we have more neurons contributing to the face and hand movement compared to the feet?

What are the sources of upper motor neurons?

Where do lower motor neurons originate?

What is the function of descending somatic pathways?

What is the function of the corticospinal tract?

Where are the cell bodies of upper motor neurons located?

What happens to the axons of upper motor neurons after they cross over at the medulla?

What is the Parietal Lobe and what does it contain?

How does the size of the cortical receiving area in the Somatosensory cortex relate to the number of receptors?

What are Sensory Receptors?

What are Mechanoreceptors?

What is the function of the spinothalamic tract?

What is a first-order neuron in the context of the spinothalamic tract?

What happens to the axons of the second-order neurons in the spinothalamic tract?

What is the function of the second order neuron in the somatosensory pathway?

Where are the cell bodies of the third order neuron located?

What is the function of the fourth order neuron in the somatosensory pathway?

What does 'Taste Sensation' refer to in the context of dental medicine?

What institution is mentioned at the bottom of the slide?

What are the three major types of papillae on the tongue and what do they detect?

What is the function of microvilli in receptor cells?

What is the function of the taste bud in the oral cavity?

How long can taste cells survive in the taste bud?

What role does saliva play in the taste process?

What is the pathway of taste signals from the tongue to the gustatory cortex?

What is the role of neurotransmitter release at the synapse in the activation of taste receptors?

What are the five general taste categories?

What does taste threshold refer to?

Which taste has the lowest threshold and which has the highest?

What are the cranial nerves involved in taste sensation?

What is taste adaptation?

How does hunger affect taste sensitivity?

What are the three main disorders of taste mentioned in the slide?

What are some causes of taste disorders mentioned in the slide?

What are the two main categories of pain?

What are the four types of nociceptive pain?

What are nociceptors and what do they do?

What are the three main types of nociceptors?

What is the activation temperature for Thermal nociceptors?

What are nociceptors and where are they found?

What stimuli do nociceptors respond to?

What is the non-adaptive nature of nociceptors and what does it lead to?

What are A delta (Aδ) fibers and what do they do?

What is the role of Aδ fibers in pain perception?